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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Hsv 57VII/2 — skal ‘must’

Gæzku safna        skal gumna hverr,
        sá er vill hyggindi hafa;
æðri speki        fær maðr aldrigi,
        en hann við syndum sjái.

Hverr gumna, sá er vill hafa hyggindi, skal safna gæzku; maðr fær aldrigi æðri speki, en hann sjái við syndum.

Every man who wants to have wisdom must accumulate virtues; a man never gets more wisdom than [if] he guards himself against sins.

readings

[2] skal: skyli 624

grammar

Verbs: Preterite-present verbs

The present tense of these verbs is like the past tense of strong verbs, and their past tense is weak.

eigamegakunnaskulumunumuna
indic.
pres.
sing.


pl.
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
á
átt
á
eigum
eiguð
eigu

mátt

megum
meguð
megu
kann
kannt
kann
kunnum
kunnuð
kunnu
skal
skalt
skal
skulum
skuluð
skulu
mun
munt
mun
munum
munuð
munu
man
mant
man
munum
munið
muna
indic. past stem
subj. pres. stem
subj. past stem
átt-
eig-
ætt-
mátt-
meg-
mætt-
kunn-
kunn-
kynn-
skyld-
skyl-
skyld-
mund-
myn-
mynd-
mund-
mun-
mynd-
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