Vígf Lv 1I
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2012, ‘Vígfúss Víga-Glúmsson, Lausavísa 1’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 364.
Oss ‘for us [me]’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
leikr ‘sport’
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1. leikr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -/-i; -ar): sport, play
enn ‘’
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2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again
er ‘’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
enn ‘’
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2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again
lauka ‘of leeks’
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laukr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): leek, mast
kennings
feimu lauka‘of the lady of leeks ’
= WOMAN
the lady of leeks → WOMAN
notes
[1] lauka ‘of leeks’: Or ‘of herbs’. The exact sense of laukr m. is somewhat elusive, but can include leek, garlic, onion, herbs and plants generally (see Guðrún P. Helgadóttir 1981). It is a stock attribute of women, forming the determinant of kennings (see LP: 1. laukr) and appearing in another context contrasting war and womanising, or at least home comforts, in Anon Sveinfl, with its image of a girl plying a man with ale and laukar.
liggr ‘lies around’
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liggja (verb): lie
heima ‘at home’
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2. heima (adv.): at home
vinr ‘the friend’
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vinr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -/(-i OsvReyk 92.17); -ir): friend
[2] vinr: om. 510
feimu ‘of the lady’
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feima (noun f.): lass
kennings
feimu lauka‘of the lady of leeks ’
= WOMAN
the lady of leeks → WOMAN
notes
[2] feimu ‘of the lady’: This is a heiti for ‘woman’ in Þul Kvenna I 1/4III, and hence its coupling with a determinant lauka ‘of leeks, herbs’ may be superfluous, but it could be that feima was, rightly or wrongly, being thought of as a goddess- or valkyrie-name, which would be a standard type of base-word in a woman-kenning. It also occurs as the name of a low-born woman in Rþ 25/6 and of a troll-woman in Gríms saga loðinkinna: see Feima Lv 1/1VIII (GrL 2) and Note. Konráð Gíslason and Eiríkur Jónsson (Nj 1875-8, II, 109) suggested ‘modest woman’ (cf. ModIcel. adj. feiminn ‘shy, bashful’).
þraungr ‘’
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þrǫngr (adj.): tight, pressed
þrængr ‘’
þryngr ‘press’
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þrøngva (verb): press, throng
[3] þryngr: ‘þrængr’ FskAˣ, ‘þraungr’ Flat, 510
at ‘towards’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
Viðris ‘of Viðrir’
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Viðrir (noun m.): Viðrir
kennings
veðri vandar Viðris.‘the storm of the rod of Viðrir. ’
= BATTLE
the rod of Viðrir. → SWORD
the storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
Viðris ‘of Viðrir’
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Viðrir (noun m.): Viðrir
kennings
veðri vandar Viðris.‘the storm of the rod of Viðrir. ’
= BATTLE
the rod of Viðrir. → SWORD
the storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
varðar ‘’
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vǫrðr (noun m.; °varðar, dat. verði/vǫrð; verðir, acc. vǫrðu): guardian, defender
veðri ‘the storm’
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2. veðr (noun n.; °-s; -): weather, wind, storm
[3] veðri: varðar 510
kennings
veðri vandar Viðris.‘the storm of the rod of Viðrir. ’
= BATTLE
the rod of Viðrir. → SWORD
the storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
vǫndr ‘’
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vǫndr (noun m.; °vandar, dat. vendi/vǫnd; vendir, acc. vǫndu/vendi): rod, want, mast
vandar ‘of the rod’
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vǫndr (noun m.; °vandar, dat. vendi/vǫnd; vendir, acc. vǫndu/vendi): rod, want, mast
[4] vandar: vǫndr 510
kennings
veðri vandar Viðris.‘the storm of the rod of Viðrir. ’
= BATTLE
the rod of Viðrir. → SWORD
the storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
vandar ‘of the rod’
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vǫndr (noun m.; °vandar, dat. vendi/vǫnd; vendir, acc. vǫndu/vendi): rod, want, mast
[4] vandar: vǫndr 510
kennings
veðri vandar Viðris.‘the storm of the rod of Viðrir. ’
= BATTLE
the rod of Viðrir. → SWORD
the storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
goð ‘’
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góðr (adj.): good
fyr ‘at’
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
hǫndum ‘hand’
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hǫnd (noun f.; °handar, dat. hendi; hendr (hendir StatPáll³ 752¹²)): hand
hlyss ‘’
loð ‘’
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hlað (noun n.; °-s; *-): headband
ek ‘’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
kvet ‘’
kveðju ‘’
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1. kveðja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): greeting
kveðr ‘’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
kveðk ‘I declare’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
[5] kveðk (‘queð ek’): so 7, kveðr FskBˣ, ‘qvæð’ FskAˣ, ‘kuet ek’ Flat, kveðju 510
hel ‘’
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1. hel (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju): death, Hel, hell
hlæsa ‘’
hœla ‘’
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hœla (verb): boast
hœlis ‘refuge’
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hœli (noun n.): [refuge, boasting]
[5] hœlis: hæla FskBˣ, 7, 510, ‘hlæsa’ FskAˣ, ‘hel a‑’ Flat
notes
[5] hœlis ‘refuge’: The reading hæla or hœla has strongest ms. support, but the verb hœla ‘boast, praise’ would not easily fit the syntax, so that it seems necessary to emend to hœlis, gen. sg. of hœli n. ‘refuge, shelter’, as object of neyta ‘enjoy’, unless one assumes a weak m. variant hœli, which would have gen. sg. hœla. Kock (Skald; NN §2509, following a suggestion of Meissner) instead reads hœlibósa as a cpd, ‘bragging womaniser’, and takes neyta as intransitive.
bossa ‘’
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-bossi (noun m.)
bœlas ‘’
bósa ‘the womaniser’
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bósi (noun m.): [womaniser]
[5] bósa: ‘bꝍlas’ FskAˣ, ‘bossa’ Flat, 510
hann ‘he’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
vættir ‘’
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vætta (verb): expect
ok ‘’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
væntir ‘expects’
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væna (verb): hope
[6] væntir sér: so FskAˣ, Flat, 510, ok vættir FskBˣ, vættir sér 7
sér ‘’
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
sér ‘something’
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
[6] væntir sér: so FskAˣ, Flat, 510, ok vættir FskBˣ, vættir sér 7
annars ‘different’
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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second
vis ‘’
undum ‘’
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1. und (noun f.; °; -ir): wound
vǫrmum ‘the warm’
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varmr (adj.; °compar. -ari): warm
bœgi ‘arm’
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bógr (noun m.; °dat. bǿgi; bǿgir, acc. bógu): shoulder
vér ‘we [I]’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
notes
[8] vér skreytum spjǫr ‘we [I] polish [my] spear’: Since spjǫr is n., the form could be sg. or pl., and vér could either refer to the skald alone or have its literal sense ‘we’.
skeytum ‘’
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skeyti (noun n.; °; -): arrow, missile
notes
[8] vér skreytum spjǫr ‘we [I] polish [my] spear’: Since spjǫr is n., the form could be sg. or pl., and vér could either refer to the skald alone or have its literal sense ‘we’.
spjǫr ‘[my] spear’
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spjǫr (noun n.): spear
notes
[8] vér skreytum spjǫr ‘we [I] polish [my] spear’: Since spjǫr is n., the form could be sg. or pl., and vér could either refer to the skald alone or have its literal sense ‘we’.
neyta ‘enjoys’
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neyta (verb): use, enjoy
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Oss es leikr, en lauka |
Good sport is at hand for us [me], but the friend of the lady of leeks [WOMAN] lies around at home; [events] press towards the storm of the rod of Viðrir <= Óðinn> [SWORD > BATTLE]. I declare the womaniser enjoys cosy refuge under the warm arm of the woman; he expects something different; we [I] polish [my] spear.
The stanza follows Þskúm Lv within the prelude to the battle of Hjǫrungavágr (Liavågen). In Fsk, which places the scene on board Hákon jarl’s ship and attributes Þskúm Lv 1 to Vígfúss Víga-Glúmsson, it is merely introduced, Þá kvað hann ok þetta ‘Then he also spoke this’. Jvs, on the other hand, places the scene on Eiríkr jarl’s ship, and there is a change of poet, Vigfúss uttering the stanza as he sharpens his spear in readiness for battle.
For the sea-battle at Hjǫrungavágr (c. 985) and other skaldic poetry associated with it, see the entry on Hákon jarl Sigurðarson in ‘Ruler biographies’ in Introduction to this volume. — [7] vífs und vǫrmum bœgi ‘under the warm arm of the woman’: Cf. Tindr Hákdr 1/2, which also mentions a woman’s arms when contrasting martial deeds with lying with a woman, and Stefnir Lv 2/7-8, which boasts of preferring the rigours of seafaring to warm embraces. The line lacks hending, which led Kock (Skald; NN §2509) to suggest replacing bœgi ‘arm’ by its synonym armi, and transposing the first two words, to give vǫrmum vífs und armi. He defended the resulting placement of the adj. against an objection from Kuhn in NN §2902I.
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