Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Steinn Herdísarson, Nizarvísur 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 360-1.
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segja (verb): say, tell
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
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2. hyggja (verb): think, consider
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1. haukr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): hawk < hauklyndr (adj.): hawk-tempered
[2] hauklyndr; myndu (past inf.) ‘hawk-minded; might’: For the past inf. myndu, see ANG §529. Skj B and Skald adopt the Flat variant hauklundr ‘hawk-minded’ to form aðalhending with mundu (past inf.) ‘might’, while ÍF 28 and ÍF 29 give hauklyndr and mundu. Skj B connects hauklyndr with þengill ‘lord’ (l. 3) as the subject of the first cl., which results in an awkward tripartite l. and leaves the following cl. without a subject (see NN §§886, 2247D).
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lyndr (adj.; °superl. -astr): minded < hauklyndr (adj.): hawk-tempered
[2] ‑lyndr: ‑lundr Flat
[2] hauklyndr; myndu (past inf.) ‘hawk-minded; might’: For the past inf. myndu, see ANG §529. Skj B and Skald adopt the Flat variant hauklundr ‘hawk-minded’ to form aðalhending with mundu (past inf.) ‘might’, while ÍF 28 and ÍF 29 give hauklyndr and mundu. Skj B connects hauklyndr with þengill ‘lord’ (l. 3) as the subject of the first cl., which results in an awkward tripartite l. and leaves the following cl. without a subject (see NN §§886, 2247D).
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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munu (verb): will, must
[2] myndu: so F, E, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Mork, H, mundu Kˣ, J2ˣ, Flat, Hr, 570a
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þar (adv.): there
[3] þar: so F, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, Flat, H, Hr, 570a, þess Kˣ, þat E, þá FskAˣ, þér Mork
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
[3] kvað: kvað at FskAˣ
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eir (noun f.): mercy
[3] eirar: so F, E, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, Mork, Flat, H, Hr, 570a, ‘errar’ Kˣ, herjar FskAˣ
[4] þrotna vôn (f. acc. sg.) ‘scant hope’: Lit. ‘ended, diminished hope’. Taken as the p. p. (f. acc. sg.) of þrjóta ‘end, lack, diminish’. It could also be the inf. of the weak verb þrotna ‘come to an end’ (see NN §3262A): kvað vn eirar frá hnum þrotna ‘said that the expectation of mercy from him was coming to an end’ (ll. 3, 4), but the p. p. is attested with ván ‘hope’ in other contexts (see the examples given in Fritzner: þrjóta 1).
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ván (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): hope, expectation
[4] vôn: vann Flat, 570a
[4] þrotna vôn (f. acc. sg.) ‘scant hope’: Lit. ‘ended, diminished hope’. Taken as the p. p. (f. acc. sg.) of þrjóta ‘end, lack, diminish’. It could also be the inf. of the weak verb þrotna ‘come to an end’ (see NN §3262A): kvað vn eirar frá hnum þrotna ‘said that the expectation of mercy from him was coming to an end’ (ll. 3, 4), but the p. p. is attested with ván ‘hope’ in other contexts (see the examples given in Fritzner: þrjóta 1).
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frá (prep.): from
[4] frá: so F, E, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Mork, H, Hr, fyr Kˣ, 570a, af Flat
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
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heldr (adv.): rather
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
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várr (pron.; °f. ór/vár; pl. órir/várir): our
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
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frægr (adj.; °-jan/-an; compar. -ri, superl. -jastr/-astr/-str): famous, renowned
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2. an (conj.): than
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1. vægja (verb): yield
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brjóta (verb; °brýtr; braut, brutu; brotinn): to break, destroy
[7] menn brutu: brutu menn Hr
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upp (adv.): up
[7, 8] falla þveran of annan ‘fall crosswise on top of one another’: This phrase became (or was) a commonplace, and it is also found in Sverris saga (Sv) and used by King Sverrir Sigurðarson: hverr fell um þveran annan ‘each fell crosswise on top of the other’ (ÍF 30, 252-3); Liggr hverr yðvar um þveran annan ‘Each of you lie crosswise on top of one another’ (ÍF 30, 253).
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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second
[7] annan: anna Hr
[7, 8] falla þveran of annan ‘fall crosswise on top of one another’: This phrase became (or was) a commonplace, and it is also found in Sverris saga (Sv) and used by King Sverrir Sigurðarson: hverr fell um þveran annan ‘each fell crosswise on top of the other’ (ÍF 30, 252-3); Liggr hverr yðvar um þveran annan ‘Each of you lie crosswise on top of one another’ (ÍF 30, 253).
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allr (adj.): all
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þverr (adj.): across
[7, 8] falla þveran of annan ‘fall crosswise on top of one another’: This phrase became (or was) a commonplace, and it is also found in Sverris saga (Sv) and used by King Sverrir Sigurðarson: hverr fell um þveran annan ‘each fell crosswise on top of the other’ (ÍF 30, 252-3); Liggr hverr yðvar um þveran annan ‘Each of you lie crosswise on top of one another’ (ÍF 30, 253).
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falla (verb): fall
[7, 8] falla þveran of annan ‘fall crosswise on top of one another’: This phrase became (or was) a commonplace, and it is also found in Sverris saga (Sv) and used by King Sverrir Sigurðarson: hverr fell um þveran annan ‘each fell crosswise on top of the other’ (ÍF 30, 252-3); Liggr hverr yðvar um þveran annan ‘Each of you lie crosswise on top of one another’ (ÍF 30, 253).
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Before the battle, Haraldr incited his troops saying that, even though the Danes had twice as many men, the Norwegians must fall crosswise on top of one another rather than flee.
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