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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Hbreiðm Lv 1II

Judith Jesch (ed.) 2009, ‘Hallr Þórarinsson breiðmaga, Lausavísa 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 610-11.

Hallr Þórarinsson breiðmagaLausavísa1

Senda ‘I sent’

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senda (verb): send

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þinn ‘your’

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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your

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Ragna ‘Ragna’

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1. Ragna (noun f.): Ragna

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koma ‘come’

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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come

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môl ‘tales’

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1. mál (noun n.; °-s; -): speech, matter

[2] môl: om. R702ˣ

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fyr ‘before’

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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.

[2] fyr: apparently corrected from ‘þvi’ R702ˣ

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bragna ‘men’

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bragnar (noun m.): men, warriors

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hôlig ‘noble’

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háligr (adj.): noble

[3] hôlig: haglig R702ˣ

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iðja ‘attempt’

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1. iðja (noun f.; °-u): zeal, attempt

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hirðvistar ‘residence at court’

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hirðvist (noun f.): residence at court

[4] hirðvistar: so R702ˣ, ‘hiruistar’ Flat

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Hafa ‘he had’

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hafa (verb): have

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hodda ‘of hoards’

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1. hodd (noun f.): gold, treasure

kennings

Rýrir hodda,
‘The diminisher of hoards, ’
   = GENEROUS MAN = Rǫgnvaldr

The diminisher of hoards, → GENEROUS MAN = Rǫgnvaldr
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rýrir ‘The diminisher’

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rýrir (noun m.): diminsher, destroyer

kennings

Rýrir hodda,
‘The diminisher of hoards, ’
   = GENEROUS MAN = Rǫgnvaldr

The diminisher of hoards, → GENEROUS MAN = Rǫgnvaldr
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hinn ‘who’

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2. inn (art.): the

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mestum ‘very great’

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meiri (adj. comp.; °meiran; superl. mestr): more, most

[6] mestum: so R702ˣ, hæstum Flat

notes

[6] mestum ‘very great’: Most eds (all except Orkn 1887, 139-40) adopt the variant mestum. Although hæstum ‘very high, higher’ (so Flat) means virtually the same thing, it results in two alliterating staves in an even l.

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stýrir ‘possesses’

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stýra (verb): steer, control

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neitti ‘he refused’

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1. neita (verb): refuse

[7] neitti: neitti hann Flat, nítti hann R702ˣ

notes

[7] neitti ‘he refused’: The pron. hann, which results in an unmetrical heptasyllabic l., has been removed as a part of the process of normalisation.

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grúpans ‘of the sausage [= Icelander]’

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grúpan (noun n.): sausage

[7] grúpans: gildum R702ˣ

notes

[7] granna grúpans ‘the neighbour of the sausage [= Icelander]’: The interpretation of this as a term for ‘Icelander’ was first published in ÍF 34, 183-4, on the basis of a suggestion by Stefán Karlsson. ModIcel. grjúpan does not appear to be recorded in any other medieval texts, but the derogatory association of Icelanders with sausages (ON mǫrbjúga ‘suet sausage’, cf. mǫrlandi ‘suet-lander’, mǫrbyskup ‘suet-bishop’) is well attested in, for instance, an anecdote from the miracles of S. Þorlákr, which takes place in King’s Lynn in Norfolk (ÍF 16, 227).

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granna ‘the neighbour’

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granni (noun m.; °-a; -ar): neighbour, comrade

[7] granna: so R702ˣ, ‘grana’ Flat

notes

[7] granna grúpans ‘the neighbour of the sausage [= Icelander]’: The interpretation of this as a term for ‘Icelander’ was first published in ÍF 34, 183-4, on the basis of a suggestion by Stefán Karlsson. ModIcel. grjúpan does not appear to be recorded in any other medieval texts, but the derogatory association of Icelanders with sausages (ON mǫrbjúga ‘suet sausage’, cf. mǫrlandi ‘suet-lander’, mǫrbyskup ‘suet-bishop’) is well attested in, for instance, an anecdote from the miracles of S. Þorlákr, which takes place in King’s Lynn in Norfolk (ÍF 16, 227).

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gnótt ‘plenty’

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gnótt (noun f.): abundance

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vígligri ‘more warlike’

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vígligr (adj.): warlike

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manna ‘of men’

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maðr (noun m.): man, person

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

Arrived in Orkney, Hallr stayed on North Ronaldsay at first, but not enjoying himself there he asked his host Þorsteinn Rǫgnuson to help get him a place at Rǫgnvaldr’s court. The st. is spoken by Hallr on their return to North Ronaldsay in response to a question from Þorsteinn’s mother Ragna about their journey.

Ragna subsequently persuaded Rǫgnvaldr to accept Hallr by wearing an extraordinary headdress (see Rv Lv 6), and later Rǫgnvaldr and Hallr composed Háttalykill (RvHbreiðm HlIII) together. — Like the otherwise unrelated Árm Lv 3, this st. is in the hexasyllabic variant of in minzta runhenda (SnSt Ht 88III, SnE 1999, 35-6). RvHbreiðm Hl 21III appears to be in the same metre; there are several other examples of runhent metre in that poem, though not all composed in hexasyllabic ll.

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