[All]: This stanza follows a common pattern of the mannjafnaðr, repeated in Ǫrv 42-8 and 51, in which the challenger mentions a fight or adventure in which he took part, but in which his opponent was notably absent, and implies that this was because of the opponent’s cowardice. Boer (1892b, 131) argued that this stanza’s reference to the Greeks and the Saracens indicates that it could not have been composed before the crusades of the C12th. However, the Serkir and Serkland are mentioned in several skaldic poems of the C11th (LP: Serkir and Serkland) as well as on several Swedish rune stones (see Note to l. 3 below).